Determinants associated with postpartum depression in puerperal women treated at a health center

The research determined the sociocultural, psychological and biological determinants that are associated with PPD in puerperal women treated at the San Rafael Norte Health Center, Chilpancingo, Guerrero. Mexico. Methods: A quantitative, cross-sectional, observational, analytical, cases and controls study. The convenience sample consisted of 28 cases and 59 controls. Two instruments were used: the social determinants questionnaire and the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS). The Chi-Square test was performed with (p <0.05) and Odds Ratio with 95% CI. Results: 32.2% of the puerperal women present PPD. The sociodemographic determinants associated with PPD are: schooling (p = 0.007), socioeconomic position (p = 0.002), the psychological determinants associated with PPD are evidenced: satisfaction of the puerperal couple with the sex of the baby (p = 0.009 ), relationship with the partner (p = 0.000), planned pregnancy (p = 0.007), in pregnancy having felt sadness (p = 0.029), presenting feelings of guilt or lack of self-esteem (p = 0.000), and experiencing an event stressful (p = 0.033), body satisfaction after pregnancy (p = 0.002) and the biological determinants associated with PPD are: presenting complications during delivery (p = 0.047) and type of feeding the baby is receiving (p = 0.013). Conclusions: The OR analysis determined when the puerperal couple does not provide an economic income, and when she suffers from violence, the risk of developing PPD increases. While not feeling sad, not having low self-esteem, not experiencing stressful events, not smoking and not consuming alcohol are protective factors, reducing the possibility of suffering from postpartum depression three times.